Главная Случайная страница


Категории:

ДомЗдоровьеЗоологияИнформатикаИскусствоИскусствоКомпьютерыКулинарияМаркетингМатематикаМедицинаМенеджментОбразованиеПедагогикаПитомцыПрограммированиеПроизводствоПромышленностьПсихологияРазноеРелигияСоциологияСпортСтатистикаТранспортФизикаФилософияФинансыХимияХоббиЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника






Launching and embarkation appliances

 

6.1.1General requirements

 

6.1.1.1With the exception of the secondary means of launching for free-fall lifeboats, each launching appliance shall be so arranged that the fully equipped survival craft or rescue boat it serves can be safely launched against unfavourable conditions of trim of up to 10° and a list of up to 20° either way:

.1when boarded, as required by regulation III/23 or III/33, by its full complement of persons; and

.2with not more than the required operating crew on board.

6.1.1.2Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph 6.1.1.1, lifeboat launching appliances for oil tankers, chemical tankers and gas carriers with a final angle of heel greater than 20° calculated in accordance with the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, and the recommendations of the Organization,[†††] as applicable, shall be capable of operating at the final angle of heel on the lower side of the ship, taking into consideration the final damaged waterline of the ship.

6.1.1.3A launching appliance shall not depend on any means other than gravity or stored mechanical power which is independent of the ship's power supplies to launch the survival craft or rescue boat it serves in the fully loaded and equipped condition and also in the light condition.

6.1.1.4Each launching appliance shall be so constructed that only a minimum amount of routine maintenance is necessary. All parts requiring regular maintenance by the ship's crew shall be readily accessible and easily maintained.

6.1.1.5The launching appliance and its attachments other than winch brakes shall be of sufficient strength to withstand a static proof load on test of not less than 2.2 times the maximum working load.

6.1.1.6Structural members and all blocks, falls, padeyes, links, fastenings and all other fittings used in connection with launching equipment shall be designed with a factor of safety on the basis of the maximum working load assigned and the ultimate strengths of the materials used for construction. A minimum factor of safety of 4.5 shall be applied lo all structural members, and a minimum factor of safety of 6 shall be applied to falls, suspension chains, links and blocks.

6.1.1.7Each launching appliance shall, as tar as practicable, remain effective under conditions of icing.

6.1.1.8A lifeboat launching appliance shall be capable of recovering the liteboaf with its crew.

6.1.1.9Each rescue boat launching appliance shall be fitted with a powered winch motor capable of raising the rescue boat from the water with its full rescue boat complement of persons and equipment at a rate of not less than 0.3 m/s.

6.1.1.10The arrangements of the launching appliance shall be such as to enable safe boarding of the survival craft in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 4.1.4.2, 4.1.4.3, 4.4.3.1 and 4.4.3.2.

 

6.1.2Launching appliances using falls and winch

 

6.1.2.1Every launching appliance using falls and a winch, except for secondary launching appliances for free-fall lifeboats, shall comply with the requirements of paragraph 6.1.1 and, in addition, shall comply with the requirements of this paragraph.

6.1.2.2The launching mechanism shall be so arranged that it may be actuated by one person from a position on the ship's deck and, except for secondary launching appliances for free-fall lifeboats, from a position within the survival craft or rescue boat. When launched by a person on the deck, the survival craft or rescue boat shall be visible to that person.

6.1.2.3Falls shall be of rotation-resistant and corrosion-resistant steel wire rope.

6.1.2.4In the case of a multiple-drum winch, unless an efficient compensatory device is fitted, the falls shall be so arranged as to wind off the drums at the same rate when lowering, and to wind on to the drums evenly at the same rate when hoisting.

6.1.2.5The winch brakes of a launching appliance shall be of sufficient strength to withstand:

.1a static test with a proof load of not less than 1.5 times the maximum working load; and

.2a dynamic test with a proof load of not less than 1 .1 times the maximum working load at maximum lowering speed.

6.1.2.6An efficient hand gear shall be provided for recovery of each survival craft and rescue boat. Hand-gear handles or wheels shall not be rotated by moving parts of the winch when the survival craft or rescue boat is lacing lowered or when it is being hoisted by power.

6.1.2.7Where davit arms are recovered by power, safety devices shall be fitted which will automatically cut off the power before the davit arms reach the stops in order to prevent overstressing the tails or davits, unless the motor is designed to prevent such overstressing.

6.1.2.8The speed at which the fully loaded survival craft or rescue boat is lowered to the water shall not be less than that obtained from the formula:

S = 0.4 + 0.02H

where:

S is the lowering speed in metres per second and

H is the height in metres from the davit head to the waterline with the ship in the lightest sea-going condition.

6.1.2.9The lowering speed of a fully equipped liferaft without persons on hoard shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration. The lowering speed of other survival craft, fully equipped but without persons on board, shall be at least 70% of that required by paragraph 6.1.2.8.

6.1.2.10The maximum lowering speed shall be established by the Administration having regard to the design of the survival craft or rescue boat, the protection of its occupants from excessive forces, and the strength of the launching arrangements taking into account inertia forces during an emergency stop. Means shall be incorporated into the appliance to ensure that this speed is not exceeded.

6.1.2.11Every launching appliance shall be fitted with brakes capable of stopping the descent of the survival craft or rescue boat and holding it securely when loaded with its full complement of persons and equipment; brake pads shall, where necessary, be protected from water and oil.

6.1.2.12Manual brakes shall be so arranged that the brake is always applied unless the operator, or a mechanism activated by the operator, holds the brake control in the "off" position.

 

6.1.3Float-free launching

 

Where a survival craft requires a launching appliance and is also designed to float free, the float-free release of the survival craft from its stowed position shall be automatic.

 

6.1.4Launching appliances for free-fall lifeboats

 

6.1.4.1Every free-fall launching appliance shall comply with the applicable requirements of paragraph 6.1.1 and, in addition, shall comply with the requirements of this paragraph.

6.1.4.2The launching appliance shall be designed and installed so that it and the lifeboat it serves operate as a system to protect the occupants from harmful acceleration forces as required by paragraph 4.7.5, and to ensure effective clearing of the ship as required by paragraphs 4.7.3.1 and 4.7.3.2.

6.1.4.3The launching appliance shall be constructed so as to prevent sparking and incendiary friction during the launching of the lifeboat.

6.1.4.4The launching appliance shall be designed and arranged so that, in the ready-to-launch position, the distance from the lowest point on the lifeboat it serves to the water surface with the ship in its lightest seagoing condition does not exceed the lifeboat's free-fall certification height, taking into consideration the requirements of paragraph 4.7.3.

6.1.4.5The launching appliance shall be arranged so as to preclude accidental release of the lifeboat in its unattended stowed position. If the means provided to secure the lifeboat cannot be released from inside the lifeboat, it shall be so arranged as to preclude hoarding the lifeboat without first releasing it.

6.1.4.6The release mechanism shall be arranged so that at least two independent actions from inside the lifeboat are required in order to launch the lifeboat.

6.1.4.7Each launching appliance shall be provided with a secondary means to launch the lifeboat by falls. Such means shall comply with the requirements of paragraph 6.1.1 (except 6.1.1.3) and paragraph 6.1.2 (except 6.1.2.6). It must be capable of launching the lifeboat against unfavourable conditions of trim of up to only 2º and list of up to only 5º either way and it need not comply with the speed requirements of paragraphs 6.1.2.8 and 6.1.2.9. If the secondary launching appliance is not dependent on gravity, stored mechanical power or other manual means, the launching appliance shall be connected both to the ship's main and emergency power supplies.

6.1.4.8The secondary means of launching shall be equipped with at least a single off-load capability to release the lifeboat.

 

6.1.5Liferaft launching appliances

 

Every liferaft launching appliance shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, except with regard to embarkation in the stowed position, recovery of the loaded liferaft and that manual operation is permitted for turning out the appliance. The launching appliance shall include an automatic release hook arranged so as to prevent premature release during lowering and shall release the liferaft when waterborne. The release hook shall include a capability to release the hook under load. The on-load release control shall:

.1be clearly differentiated from the control which activates the automatic release function;

.2require at least two separate actions to operate;

.3with a load of 150 kg on the hook, require a force of at least 600 N and not more than 700 N to release the load, or provide equivalent adequate protection against inadvertent release of the hook; and

.4be designed such that the crew members on deck can clearly observe when the release mechanism is properly and completely set.

 

6.1.6Embarkation ladders

 

6.1.6.1Handholds shall be provided to ensure a safe passage from the deck to the head of the ladder and vice versa.

6.1.6.2The steps of the ladder shall be:

.1made of hardwood, free from knots or other irregularities, smoothly machined and free from sharp edges and splinters, or of suitable material of equivalent properties;

.2provided with an efficient non-slip surface either by longitudinal grooving or by the application of an approved non-slip coating;

.3not less than 480 mm long, 115 mm wide and 25 mm in depth, excluding any non-slip surface or coaling; and

.4equally spaced not less than 300 mm or more than 380 mm apart and secured in such a manner that they will remain horizontal.

6.1.6.3The side ropes of the ladder shall consist of two uncovered manila ropes not less than 65 mm in circumference on each side. Each rope shall be continuous with no joints below the top step. Other materials may be used provided the dimensions, breaking strain, weathering, stretching and gripping properties are at least equivalent to those of manila rope. All rope ends shall be secured to prevent unravelling.

 

Marine evacuation systems

 

6.2.1Construction of the marine evacuation systems

 

6.2.1.1The passage of the marine evacuation system shall provide for safe descent of persons of various ages, sizes and physical capabilities, wearing approved lifejackets, from the embarkation station to the floating platform or survival craft.

6.2.1.2Strength and construction of the passage and platform shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

6.2.1.3The platform, if fitted, shall be:

.1such that sufficient buoyancy will be provided for the working load. In the case of an inflatable platform, the main buoyancy chambers, which for this purpose shall include any thwarts or floor inflatable structural members, are to meet the requirements of section 4.2 leased upon the platform capacity, except that the capacity shall be obtained by dividing by 0.25 the usable area given in paragraph 6.2.1.3.3;

.2stable in a seaway and shall provide a safe working area for the system operators;

.3of sufficient area that will provide for the securing of at least two liferafts for boarding and to accommodate at least the number of persons that at any time are expected to be on the platform. This usable platform area shall be at least equal to:

 

20% of total number of persons that

the marine evacuation system is certified for m2

or 10 m2, whichever is the greater. However, Administrations may approve alternate arrangements which are demonstrated to comply with all of the prescribed performance requirements;[‡‡‡]

.4self-draining;

.5subdivided in such a way that the loss of gas from any one compartment will not restrict its operational use as a means of evacuation. The buoyancy tubes shall be subdivided or protected against damage occurring from contact with the ship's side;

.6fitted with a stabilizing system to the satisfaction of the Administration;

.7restrained by a bowsing line or other positioning systems which are designed to deploy automatically and, if necessary, to be capable of being adjusted to the position required for evacuation; and

.8provided with mooring and bowsing line patches of sufficient strength to securely attach the largest inflatable liferaft associated with the system.

6.2.1.4If the passage gives direct access to the survival craft, it should be provided with a quick-release arrangement.

 

6.2.2Performance of the marine evacuation system

 

6.2.2.1A marine evacuation system shall be:

.1capable of deployment by one person;

.2such as to enable the total number of persons for which it is designed, to be transferred from the ship into the inflated liferafts within a period of 30 min in the case of a passenger ship and of 10 min in the case of a cargo ship from the time the abandon ship signal is given;

.3arranged such that liferafts may be securely attached to the platform and released from the platform by a person either in the liferaft or on the platform;

.4capable of being deployed from the ship under unfavourable conditions of trim of up to 10º and list of up to 20º either way;

.5in the case of being fitted with an inclined slide, such that the angle of the slide to the horizontal is:

5.1within a range of 30º to 35º when the ship is upright and in the lightest sea-going condition; and

5.2in the case of a passenger ship, a maximum of 55º in the final stage of flooding set by the requirements in regulation II-1/8;

.6evaluated for capacity by means of timed evacuation deployments conducted in harbour;

.7capable of providing a satisfactory means of evacuation in a sea state associated with a wind of force 6 on the Beaufort scale;

.8designed to, as far as practicable, remain effective under conditions of icing; and

.9so constructed that only a minimum amount of routine maintenance is necessary. Any part requiring maintenance by the ship's crews shall be readily accessible and easily maintained.

6.2.2.2Where one or more marine evacuation systems are provided on a ship, at least 50% of such systems shall be subjected to a trial deployment after installation. Subject to these deployments being satisfactory, the untried systems arc to be deployed within 12 months of installation.

 

6.2.3Inflatable liferafts associated with marine evacuation systems

 

Any inflatable literati used in conjunction with the marine evacuation system shall:

.1conform with the requirements of section 4.2;

.2be sited close to the system container but be capable of dropping clear of the deployed system and boarding platform;

.3be capable of release one at a time from its stowage rack with arrangements which will enable it to be moored alongside the platform;

.4be stowed in accordance with regulation III/13.4; and

.5be provided with pre-connected or easily connected retrieving lines to the platform.

 

6.2.4Containers for marine evacuation systems

 

6.2.4.1The evacuation passage and platform shall be packed in a container that is:

.1so constructed as to withstand hard wear under conditions encountered al sea; and

.2as tar as practicable watertight, except for drain holes in the container bottom.

6.2.4.2The container shall be marked with:

.1maker's name or trade mark;

.2serial number;

.3name of approval authority and the capacity of the system;

.4SOLAS;

.5date of manufacture (month and year);

.6date and place of last service;

.7maximum permitted height of stowage above waterline; and

.8stowage position on board.

6.2.4.3Launching and operating instructions shall be marked on or in the vicinity of the container.

 

6.2.5Marking on marine evacuation systems

The marine evacuation system shall be marked with:

.1maker's name or trade mark;

.2serial number;

.3date of manufacture (month and year);

.4name of approving authority;

.5name and place of servicing station where it was last serviced, along with the date of servicing; and

.6the capacity of the system.

 

Chapter VII

 

Other life-saving appliances

 

Line-throwing appliances

 

7.1.1Every line-throwing appliance shall:

.1be capacity of throwing a line with reasonable accuracy;

.2include not less than four projectile's, each capable of carrying the line at least 230 m in calm weather;

.3include not less than four line's, each having a breaking strength of not less than 2 kN; and

.4have brief instructions or diagrams clearly illustrating the use of the line-throwing appliance.

7.1.2The rocket, in the case of a pistol-fired rocket, or the assembly, in the case of an integral rocket and line, shall be contained in a water-resistant casing. In addition, in the case of a pistol-fired rocket, the line and rockets together with the means of ignition shall be stowed in a container which provides protection from the weather.

 

Последнее изменение этой страницы: 2016-08-11

lectmania.ru. Все права принадлежат авторам данных материалов. В случае нарушения авторского права напишите нам сюда...