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Do not bring any of the documents listed below.

These documents will NOT BE accepted on test day:

· Any expired ID

· Birth certificate

· International driver's license

· Draft classification card

· International student ID

· Credit/debit card of any kind

· Notary-prepared letter or document

· Social Security card

· Employee ID card

· Learner's permit or any temporary ID (e.g., driver's license)

· Photocopy of ID

Before you start reading explain the words in italics and then match them with the synonyms from the box. Then read the text and try to retell all the main points to your partner. You may use the words below.

schedule test score statement

scratch paper assistance personal items ban

 

timetable examination belongings affirmation prohibition draft mark help

What to Expect on Test Day

The following information will help you understand test center guidelines, policies and procedures.

· Test center administrators cannot make schedule changes.

· Friends or relatives are not allowed in the test center during the test.

· You should dress comfortably for any room temperature.

· You are required to write (not print) and sign a confidentiality statement at the test center. You cannot test without it. Your fees will NOT be refunded.

· Your picture will be taken and placed at your assigned station and on your score report.

· Scratch paper is provided and must be returned at the end of the session.

· If you have a problem with your computer or need assistance, raise your hand.

· Testing premises are subject to videotaping.

Personal Items

· You will receive instructions on where to put personal items.

· If you bring them into the testing room, they will be collected by test center staff.

· If you do not follow directions, you cannot take the test.

Any violation of this procedure may result in cancellation of your scores, dismissal by the test center staff, or banning from future testing. Test centers and ETS assume no responsibility for personal items or devices that you bring into the center.

Seating

The test administrator will assign you a seat.

Timing

· The TOEFL PBT (paper-based test) takes about 3½ hours.

· Each section has a time limit. If you finish a section early, you cannot go to another section.

20. There are two types of TOEFL: the computer-based and paper-based tests. Read the text and find the answers to the questions:

- What is the most popular test format?

- What is checked during the test?

- What types of questions are there in the test?

- What is the total score?

- What rating does an essay receive?

The computer-based test

· The length of this test is flexible. It depends how long you take to answer the questions.

· The computer-based test was taken by more than 300,000 people in 1998-1999. There are over 300 centres around the world offering the test on computer.

· Before you take the test there are seven tutorials on how to use a computer to take the test. These are NOT part of your test.

· The test has four sections:

listening, structure, reading, writing.

· The listening and structure sections use mostly multiple-choice questions. Full instructions are given on how to answer the questions.

· The reading section has comprehension questions on reading passages.

In the writing section you have 30 minutes to write a composition.

The paper-based test

· This test lasts less than 3 hours.

· There are three sections and each section has a minimum of 140 questions.

· The three sections are:

listening comprehension, structure and written expression, reading comprehension.

All the questions are multiple-choice.

Scoring

· If you take the computer-based test you will be able to see your scores for listening and reading immediately. Your exact scores for the other sections will not be available immediately as your writing will need to be marked.

· For the computer-based test you will receive four scaled scores: Listening (0-30), Structure/Writing (0-30), Reading (0-30), and a total score (0-300). The essay will receive a rating between 1 and 6.

If you take the paper-based test you will receive a score with a maximum of 677.

If you had a chance to take TOEFL, what format would you choose? Why?

 

Work in 4 groups. Read the following advice for improving your reading/listening/speaking/writing skills and tell the rest of the group what you should do.

Group 1. Reading skills

1. Read as much and as often as possible in English.

- Read texts on a variety of topics. (Read both academic and non-academic materials. Read about subjects that interest you and that DON’T interest you.)

- Write basic questions to test your understanding of a text. (Write questions and answers about the first paragraph. Then guess what might be discussed in the next paragraph.)

- Use your knowledge of grammar to try to comprehend difficult sections of a passage. (Think carefully about the relationship between independent and dependent clauses. Look at pronouns and find the nouns that they refer to. Look at relative pronouns (who, that, which, whom, whose) used in adjective clauses (for example, The student whose classmates are taking the TOEFL test....) and find the nouns they refer to.)

2. Continually expand your vocabulary knowledge.

- It is important to increase your vocabulary on many subjects because you will have to read about various topics at the university. (Review glossaries/lists of terms used in academic texts.)

- Develop a system for studying new words. (Write each word on a card and mix up the cards each time you study them. Write the context (the sentence the word was used in) to help you learn correct word usage. Group the words according to topic or meaning and study the words as a list of related words. Study vocabulary by making a list of opposites (words with different meanings) and synonyms (words with similar meanings).

- Expand your vocabulary by analyzing the parts of a word. This will help you understand some unknown words that you see.

- Use the context to guess the meaning of unknown words.

- Use resources to help you study vocabulary. (Use an English-English dictionary to learn correct meaning and word usage.)

- Practice correct usage by making sentences with new words.

3. Study the organization of academic texts and overall structure of a reading passage.

- Read an entire passage from beginning to end. (Look for the main ideas of the article. Look for the supporting details. Pay attention to the relationship between the details and main ideas.)

- Learn to recognize the different styles of organization that you find in articles in English in order to understand the way an article is structured. (Pay attention to the connecting words/transitions used for specific relationships.)

- Outline a text to test your understanding of the structure of a reading passage. (Begin by grouping paragraphs that address the same concept. Pay attention to how the key ideas in one paragraph relate to the main points of the next paragraph. Write one sentence summarizing the paragraphs that discuss the same idea. Look at connections between sentences. Look at how the end of one sentence relates to the beginning of the next sentence. Think about the connection between the ideas of the two sentences. Combine the sentences using appropriate transitions words to show the relationship between ideas.)

- Write a summary of the entire passage.

Group 2. Listening skills

1. Practice listening to something in English every day and gradually increase the amount of time that you listen.

- Listen to different kinds of materials. (Listen actively. Try to answer the “wh” questions. Listen passively to get the general idea of what’s being said.)

- Keep a listening log (a list of everything you listen to each day/week). (Write a one-sentence summary to remember the main idea of what you heard. Write down new expressions, idioms, and vocabulary that you hear.)

- Use dictations and other exercises to help your listening ability. (Ask an English speaker to dictate an article to you. Good sources of material are newspapers, magazines, and textbooks. First, write down exactly what you hear. Then only take notes on the important points that you hear. Do information gap exercises, using unfamiliar content and complex structures.)

2. Use the resources in your community to practice listening to English.

- Visit places in your community where you can practice listening to English.

- Watch or listen to programs recorded in English. (Watch television programs. Rent videos (turn off the captions!) or go to a movie in English. Listen to a book on tape in English. Listen to music in English and then check your accuracy by finding the lyrics on the Internet (e.g., www.lyrics.com). Listen to English language recordings that come with a transcript. Listen to each recording at least three times. The first time, take notes about the main ideas you hear. The second time, read the transcript and listen for the ideas you wrote down. The third time, write down any words and phrases that you didn't understand and look them up.)

- Go to Internet sites to practice listening. (National Public Radio (www.npr.org); CBS News (www.cbsnews.com); Randall’s Cyber Listening Lab (www.esl-lab.com); BBC World Service.com Learning English (www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish ).)

- Practice speaking English with others.

3. Begin to prepare for academic situations. (Visit academic classes in English. Record lectures or presentations and replay them several times.)

4. Listen for signals that will help you understand the organization of a talk, connections between ideas, and the importance of ideas. (Pay attention to the connections between examples. Pay attention to intonation and other ways that speakers indicate that information is important. Listen for pauses between important points.)

Group 3. Speaking skills

1. Look for opportunities to speak to native speakers of English. Interaction with others will improve your speaking ability. (Ask a native speaker to provide feedback on your pronunciation problems (if any). Join an Internet voice chat.)

2. Listen to the radio, and watch TV and movies. Pay attention to idiomatic usage of the language and different accents or speech patterns that are used.

- Write down new expressions you hear. Use the expressions in your everyday English conversations.

- Choose a character from a film or TV show. Repeat the character's words, following the intonation patterns, as he or she speaks. Include the gestures or other body language of the character you are imitating.

3. Practice speaking for a limited time on different topics without a lot of preparation. Time your responses to questions.

- Make a list of questions on topics that interest you (for example, hypothetical situations or academic topics). Answer each of the questions aloud. Try to speak for at least one minute.

4. Use books that come with audio recordings to study pronunciation, stress, and intonation in English.

5. Record yourself and then listen and transcribe what you said.

- Read a short article from a newspaper or textbook. Record yourself summarizing the article.

- Transcribe the recording and review the transcription. Think about other ways to say the same thing.

- Ask a teacher or English-speaking friend to review the transcription and mark any errors.

- Pay attention to your vocabulary and grammar mistakes.

- Correct the errors and check your pronunciation.

- Write down any changes to vocabulary and grammar you think will improve the recording.

 

Group 4. Writing skills

1. Practice listening to lectures and conversations in English.

- Record news and informational programs in English from the television or radio, or download talks or lectures from the Internet.

- Listen to these programs and take notes on the important points. Summarize the programs in English.

- Listen to them again to check your notes and summaries for accuracy.

2. Practice analyzing reading passages in English.

- Read two articles or chapters on the same topic or issue.

- Write a summary of each, and then explain the ways they are similar and the ways they are different.

- Practice combining listening and reading by searching for readings related to talks and lectures you or a friend or a teacher can find.

- Develop your vocabulary, grammar, reading, listening, and writing skills through extensive reading and listening in a variety of increasingly challenging academic areas.

- Write summaries and comparisons of what you have read.

- Get feedback from a teacher or friend on your comprehension, language, and writing.

Project task. Work in 4 groups. Prepare exercises (about 5 – 7) for training in reading/listening/speaking/writing skills according to the information you have read. Exchange your worksheets and do all the assignments. What tasks seem to be more helpful? Why?

23. Do you like or hate to take exams? Are you always nervous? What do you do to pass your exam well? What tips can you share? Brainstorm ideas!

 
 


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