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HISTORY OF THE TRAFFIC REGULATION IN RUSSIA

Increase in vehicles in the 19th century made it necessary to provide a proper organization of road traffic streams.

In Russia a document regulating road traffic of mechanical vehicles was adopted in 1896. In 1900 in Saint-Petersburg the Provisions / Regulations of road traffic in the city for passenger vehicles and trucks were approved.

A car was to be registered, have license plate numbers, and be in proper working conditions. The latter was to be checked annually by a compulsory inspection.

The plates were valid only for a year, so to extend it a driver had to pay transport tax each year. Drivers could keep their old plates at home, and usually decorated their flats with them.

It was forbidden to drive a car with the uncovered muffler or without having one. You could be fined for malfunctioning of a muffler.

Requirements for operating a vehicle were as follows: you were to be older than 21, you were to be literate and know Russian, pass medical examination, pass a special driving exam and have a permission to drive.

Since the 1900s there have been special drivers’ training schools.

In 1908 in Saint-Petersburg the policemen working on the street with the heaviest traffic were given white canes to direct the traffic. Later they became striped.

In 1911 the signs approved by the first international Convention (Paris, 1909) were introduced in Russia.

In the 1920s the first traffic lights appeared in Moscow.

In 1931 representatives of the Soviet Union participated in development of the unified European system of traffic signs. The international conference in Geneva in 1931 developed and adopted 26 signs which were divided into directive, warning and prescribing.

The next milestone was the 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic and Road Signs. According to this Convention our country issued the new road traffic rules. In 2008 Russia adopted provisions which enable to enforce photo-video recording of traffic violations.

Now in our country there is more severe punishment for violations committed by intoxicated drivers. Driving tests have also been improved.

 

Glossary

adopt – принимать

approve – одобрять, утверждать

extend – продлевать

fine – штраф, штрафовать

intoxication – состояние опьянения

literate – грамотный

malfunction – неисправность; неправильная работа

muffler (pipe) – глушитель, труба глушителя

permission – разрешение

license plate numbers – номерные знаки

prescribe – предписывать

require – требовать

valid – действительный

vehicle – транспортное средство

 

Task 2. Answer the following questions.

Why was it necessary to organize road traffic streams?

What conditions were drivers to keep up with?

How often was a driver to pay a transport tax?

Could drivers operate a vehicle with a malfunctioning muffler (pipe)?

What were the requirements for drivers?

 

Task 3. Agree or disagree with the following statements.

In the 19th century there were no motor vehicles in Russia.

There was no checking of vehicles in Russia at that time.

There was no tax for drivers.

Usually drivers threw away their registration plates.

There was a fine for driving with a malfunctioning muffler.

You were to know English to be able to drive legally in Russia.

 

 

Speaking

Task 1. Act out the dialogues.

– Good afternoon, sir, is this your vehicle?

– No, it’s a rental car. We’re here on holiday.

– I see. Can I see your passport and driving license, please?

– Yes, of course, just a moment … And here are the car rental documents.

– Thank you … Are those your children in the back of the car?

– Yes.

– Do you know that car seats for children are compulsory in this country, sir?

– Well, yes, but I …

 

– Good afternoon, madam. Can I see your passport and driving license, please? Are you here on business or on holiday?

– It’s a business trip – just for two days.

– And you are going to ?

– Novosibirsk – for a conference.

– You must wear a seatbelt at all times, madam. Both you and your passenger.

– Yes, yes, we’ll put them on.

– Where is your seatbelt?

– It’s on now, look. We must go, officer. We are in a hurry.

– But I can see that your seatbelt is broken. It’s illegal to drive without a seatbelt. Can you get out of the car, please, madam?

 

– Your headlights aren’t on, sir. This is dangerous.

– Oh, oh, I’m so sorry, officer. I didn’t realize … I’ll switch them on.

– Can I see your driving license and papers, please?

– Of course, just a minute … Yes, here you are.

– Thank you. Can you get out of the car, please … The left front light isn’t working, sir.

 

Tr. officer: Please, stop. Sergeant Sergeev. Will you show your driving license?

Driver: Here you are.

Tr. officer: You have broken traffic regulation rules.

Driver: What’s the matter?

Tr. officer: You have exceeded the speed limit (run a red light / made a right turn drive under the influence). You must pay a fine.

 

Tr. officer: Please, stop. Sergeant Serov. Will you show your driving license? Driver: Here you are. Tr. officer: You have broken traffic regulation rules. Driver: What’s the matter?   Tr. officer: You are driving under the influence of alcohol. Can you get out of the car, please?     Пожалуйста, остановитесь. Сержант Серов. Предъявите водительское удостоверение Вот, пожалуйста Вы нарушили правила дорожного движения В чем заключается моё нарушение? Вы управляете автомобилем в состоянии опьянения. Выйдите, пожалуйста, из машины  

 

Task 2. Complete the dialogues:

 

 
Tr. officer: (driving licence)   Tr. officer: (driving licence)
Driver:   Driver:
Tr. officer: (fine)   Tr. officer: (fine)
Driver:   Driver:
Tr. officer: (break) (run the red light)   Tr. officer: (break)
Driver:   (drive while under the influence)
    Driver:
    Tr. officer: Come with me to the militia station.
 
Tr. officer: (driving licence)   Tr. officer: (driving licence)
Driver:   Driver:
Tr. officer: (fine)   Tr. officer: (break)
Driver:   Driver:
Tr. officer: (break) (disregard)   Tr. officer: (make a left turn) (prohibited)
Driver:   Driver:

 

Последнее изменение этой страницы: 2016-06-09

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