III. Замените выделенные части предложения инфинитивом или инфинитивной фразой. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Примеры: 1) The lecture was very interesting, and the students kept quiet lest theyshould miss a word.

The lecture was very interesting, and the student kept quiet not to miss a word. – Лекция была очень интересной, и студенты соблюдали тишину, чтобы не пропустить ни слова.

2) The book is very long, one can't read it in a day.

The book is very long to be read in a day. – Книга очень большая, и ее нельзя прочесть за день .

1. My idea is that we should make a stop there for one or two days on our way back.

2. I left the window open that I might hear the music.

3. She read her composition a third time for fear that she might overlook a mistake.

4. How thoughtful it was of him that he had sent me the souvenirs.

IV. Определите, подчеркнув объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты (Complex Object и Complex Subject) и переведите предложения на русский язык.

Примеры: 1) He is said to have established another record. - Complex Subject. – Говорят, он установил еще один рекорд.

2) I understood you to change your mind. - Complex Object – Я понял, что вы измените свое мнение.

1. Everyone in the lobby heard the assistant - manager speak to Dr. Nicholas.

2. He is certain to have kept the appointment.

3. They are unlikely to get to the station in time.

4. 1 believe her to arrive tomorrow.

V. Переведите письменно текст. Помните о переводе инфинитива и инфинитивных оборотов в зависимости от функции в предложении.

The Introduction of the Railway

In 1829, when Stephenson entered his invention, the steam en­gine, for a competition, people were shocked to find that it was possi­ble to travel at a dangerous speed of 36 m.h.p. There were many pow­erful opponents of the railway companies. The greatest number of people who were against the introduction of the railways into Britain were those who were interested in the natural conservation of the country. Trains were considered to be dangerous and it was said they frightened cows and .hens, killed birds with their smoke, and set houses on fire with their sparks.

On the other hand, communication was certainly helped by the railways. The laying of the tracks provided work for thousands and transporting people and goods was made easier. In fact travelling by rail soon became a common thing in everyone's life, and it is now dif­ficult to imagine a world without railways or any other form of rapid transport.

VI. Напишите ответ на вопрос к тексту.

"What was the good side of the railway?"

ВАРИАНТ II

I. Найдите в следующих предложениях инфинитив, определите его форму и функцию и переведите предложения на русский язык.

Пример. The article to be translated by our students is rather difficult.

to be translated - Indefinite Passive. Функция определения. – Статья, которую должны перевести наши студенты (или которую будут переводить наши студенты), довольно трудная.

1. To study a foreign language you must read much.

2. I like to be asked about my work at school.

3. I am glad to have seen him.

4. The experiment to be made at our Research Institute will be very interesting.

II. Соедините два предложения в одно, используя инфинитив. Переведите полученное предложение.

Пример: 1) The captain left the ship. He was the last to do it.

The captain was the last to leave the ship. – Капитан последним покинул корабль.

2) They sent me to Spain. They wanted me to learn Spanish - They sent me to Spain to learn Spanish. – Они послали меня в Испанию, чтобы изучать испанский язык.

1. He opened the lion's cage. He intended to feed the lion.

2. He realized the danger. He was the only person to understand it.

3. I can't go to the party. I have nothing that I can wear.

4. I am saving up. I want to buy a car.

III. Переведите на английский язык, используя объективный инфинитивный оборот (Complex Object).

Пример: Он хочет, чтобы вы пришли к нему сегодня. - He wants you to come to him today.

1. Все ожидали, что он прочтет хорошую лекцию.

2. Я знаю, что она готовится к экзаменам.

3. Она почувствовала, что (как) кто-то коснулся ее руки.

4. Я бы хотела, чтобы вы проявили здравый смысл.

IV. Переведите данные предложения, содержащие субъектный инфинитивный оборот (Complex Subject).

Обратите внимание при переводе на перфектную форму инфинитива и на его функции.

1. The Egyptians are believed to have had the rules to determine safe dimensions to erect their great monuments and pyramids.

2. The Romans as well as the Greeks are considered to have been great builders too.

3. They are known to have used arches in their buildings.

4. But they are unlikely to have known how to select the proper shape.

Обратите внимание при переводе на перфектную форму инфинитива и на его функции.

V. Переведите письменно текст.

Помните о переводе инфинитива и инфинитивных оборотов в зависимости от функции в предложении.

Places to see in London

There are many places in London which are connected with his­torical events, the famous British Museum and the Tower of London are among them.

We know many scientists to have spent much time in the read­ing-rooms of the British Museum, where the rich library gave them the possibility for extensive scientific study and research. Everybody praises the catalogue of the reading-room there. There are many halls to be visited there and in each there is a special collection of rare and valu­able objects. The British Museum is known to be wonderful place indeed.

To see the most interesting place in all the British Isles from the historical point of view, you should visit London Tower. It was known to be a palace and a fortress many years ago. Later we know it to be the most gloomy prison in the world. It covers 13 acres and looks like a series of connected castles, the ancient White Tower built by William the Conqueror being the largest one.