the news was known around the world; the news of Gagarin's flight was known around the whole world in a matter of seconds

to listen to a news bulletin on the radio over breakfast – слушать передачу новостей по радио за завтраком

around 10 o'clock - около 10 часов

to glance at the paper - мельком взглянуть на газету, просмотреть газету

To switch a transistor (a television set, a radio set) to a programme

Remember the Use of Articles

No article is used in:

1. by radio, by television, by bus (tube, taxi, car, plane, train, bicy­cle, boat)

2. When we talk about radio and television in general, we do not use articles. Ex. It is easier to write plays for television than for radio.

3. to watch television, on television, on TV

But:

to listen to the radio, on the radio

Practise the Pronunciation of Words

reassurance

simultaneously

availability

abbreviate

archive

virtually

EXERCISES

1. Read the text and translate it into Russian consulting the notes and the essential vocabulary.

2. Read and translate the following international words:

manipulation, communication, information, television, human, me­chanic, satellite, comfort, media, formation, modernization, effect, intro­duction, capsule

3. Select the related words and translate them with the help of a diction­ary:

productivity, informant, communication, information, entertainment, journalist, achievement, transformation, distribution, recitation, presen­tation, production, communicate, inform, entertain, journalism, achieve, transform, recite, present, distribute, produce, communicative, informer, entertaining, journal, achievable, transformable, recitative, presentable, distributor, producer, communicable, informal, entertainer, journalese, transformer, recital, presently, distributive, product, communicant, in­formative, entertainingly, journalistic, presence, productive

4. Translate the following compound nouns into Russian:

almost forgotten skating-rink craze; small-town radio stations; non­profit-making body; government-collected licence fee; nationwide broad­casting service; the BBC nine o'clock radio news; the early morning ra­dio news items

5. Study the following expressions and make up sentences using some of them:

1) to achieve success, fame, glory; one's purpose, one's ambition, one's aim, one's end; the realization of one's dream; an understanding; a good reputation

2) to produce a film, a programme, a play, a book; a sensation, an impression; food, goods

6. Answer the following questions:

1) What is the name of your favourite famous journalist?

2) How has he achieved an outstanding success in journalism? (For example, by hard work, by experience, by brilliant reporting, by good training, by chance.)

3) Do you believe it is possible to achieve the good reputation of a professional without working hard?

4) What television programme do you like best?

5) What impact did it have on you?

6) Did it produce a sensation among televiewers?

7. Comment on the following: "Failure is the only thing that can be achieved without effort."

8. a) Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the word develop and related words:

1) The plot of the new novel gradually developed in the author's mind.

2) He developed his mind by study.

3) The development of photographic films requires a dark room.

4) This magazine regularly covers the latest developments in for­eign affairs.

5) Only by hard work can he develop his skills as a journalist.

6) He developed an interest in taking pictures at an early age.

7) The rest of the book merely developed the ideas of the first chapter. \

8) He developed into a brilliant journalist.

9) Recent political developments were covered by all the national dailies.

10) In the book the editor of a large city newspaper tells the readers how to prepare for and develop a career in journalism.

b) Translate the following sentences into English using the words to de­velop and development:

1. Изложите, пожалуйста, свои аргументы.

2. Интерес к чтению у него развился в раннем возрасте.

3. Из него получился блестящий журналист.

4. Он развил свое мастерство усердной работой.

5. Я еще не проявил пленки, так как был занят.

6. Доклад был посвящен экономическому развитию страны.

7. Автору не удалось развить сюжет пьесы.

8. Я надеюсь, автор разовьет свою мысль в следующей главе.

9. Последние политические события были освещены всеми центральными газетами.

9. Ask and answer questions. Work in pairs. Make use of the following phrases in your answers:

by studying hard; by discussing...; by watching TV; by training...; by exchanging ideas (opinions) with...; by writing...; by contributing to... regularly

How can a person develop his/her mind?

a journalist skill?

a sportsman health?

a dancer talent?

a singer

a scholar

a writer

10. Find the following phrases in the text and decide which of the given alternatives explain them best:

11. Rearrange the sentences given below in the correct order according to the text.

1. Nowadays the news may be known all over the world in a matter of seconds.

2. Journalism is about people. It is produced for people.

3. Twenty years ago a family usually listened to a news bulletin on the living-room radio over breakfast.

4. In America the effects of radio were more rapid.

5. The ordinary man's receptivity to journalism has greatly changed in twenty years.

6. In the evening they watch the television news programme.

7. Then radio arrived.

8. Journalism is communication.

9. Journalists have to take account of social changes.

10. The readers of newspapers who look at them over breakfast will have heard most of the news and seen many of the significant events on television the night before.

11. Journalism may also be entertainment.

12. The cave-man drew a buffalo to give other hunters the news that buffaloes were nearby.

13. Journalism satisfies the human curiosity of the world.

14. Later it became clear that radio could rival newspapers.

15. At first radio was regarded as a passing technical fad.

16. Journalism can communicate with few people as well as with many.

17. A century ago it took a very long time for the news to reach dis­tant parts of the world.

18. Hundreds of small-town radio stations appeared in America.

19. The newspaper still has a function because the television or radio news bulletin is very compressed.

20. Father would read his morning newspaper over breakfast or on the bus or train going to work.

21. Newspapers are archives, objects of record.

22. Nowadays practically each member of the family prefers listen­ing to his own radio.

23. Today news is available to many more people.

24. "Today the concept of a newspaper "scoop" has been killed by ra­dio and television.

25. The BBC radio provided a nationwide broadcasting in Britain.

12. Answer the following questions about the text:

1. How does the author define journalism? Find all the statements on journalism.

2. What word does the word journalism come from?

3. How did people begin to communicate with each other: by means of signs, sounds, pictures, or words?

4. How have the various types of news media changed in a little over 100 years?

5. What has brought a profound change in the pattern of human communication?

6. What changes had taken place in the process of printing before radio arrived?

7. How did the development of radio broadcasting in the USA dif­fer from that in Britain?

8. How did newspapers regard radio at first?

9. When did the way of learning news change radically in Great Britain?

10. How did a family get news in Great Britain about 50 years ago?

11. How does a family get news nowadays?

12. Why is it necessary for a journalist to be aware of social changes?

13. What is the main function of the newspaper today according to the author? What is your opinion?

13. Give the Russian equivalents for the following phrases. Consult the text and a dictionary:

the events distilled into a few words; to satisfy the human frailty of a world; today the news media are swamped by the very availability of news; the pattern of human communication; a passing technical fad; the ordinary man's receptivity to journalism; an evening's viewing; to take account of social changes; to catch on to this change; is tightly encapsu­lated; a highly abbreviated form; newspapers can be referred to; at greater length

14. Prepare to talk about the following topics:

1. Journalism is information.

2. Journalism is communication.

3. Journalism is the television picture.

4. Journalism is about people.

5. Journalism is basically about news.

6. Newspapers are archives, objects of record.

15. Check your memory.

Text: Journalism Is Information (Unit 4)

средства массовой информации; сообщение, новость; небольшая заметка (в газете); забавлять, развлекать; развлекательная програм­ма; телевизионное изображение; радиостанция в маленьком городе; канал; служба вещания; служба новостей; национальная служба; региональная служба; телевизионная служба; организовать телеви­зионную службу; принимать передачи; передавать по радио, теле­видению; образовательная передача; внестудийная передача; политическая передача; подготовить телевизионную передачу; «живая» передача новостей; непосредственное вещание через спутник Земли; бюллетень, сводка; радиовещание; сводка новостей; заголовок; выпускать и распространять газеты; общаться (устанав­ливать контакт) со слушателями, зрителями, аудиторией; слушать сводку новостей по радио; мельком взглянуть на газету; по радио, по телевидению; достичь успеха; выпустить программу; проявлять пленку; развить сюжет