MODULE TWO: PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION AND FAMILY LIFE

MODULE TWO: PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION AND FAMILY LIFE

SECTION II: APPEARANCE

Grammar

· The Order of Adjectives

· The Degrees of Comparison

· To Be and to Have in the Past Simple Tense

Vocabulary list

Order of Adjectives

v Adjectives describe nouns. They have the same form in the singular and plural. e.g. a beautiful girl – two beautiful girls

v There are two types of adjectives. Opinion adjectives describe what we think of someone or something. e.g. beautiful, great, cheap, lovely.Fact adjectivesdescribe what someone or something really is. e.g. short, long, red, round.

v Opinion adjectives go before fact adjectives.

e.g. You live in a nice big house.

v When you use more than one adjective to express your opinion, an adjective with a more general meaning such as “good”, “bad”, “nice”, or “lovely” usually comes before an adjective with a more specific meaning.

e.g. It’s a nice, clean shirt.

v If you use two or more fact adjectives, you normally put them in the following order:

1. Size (large, big, small)

2. Length, height, weight (heavy, light, long, tall, short)

3. Age (young, old, modern)

4. Shape (round, square, triangular)

5. Colour (red, blue)

6. Origin (Spanish, Chinese)

7. Material (leather, glass, wooden)

8. Purpose (used for/be about) (private, historical, writing)

v Adjectives of character and emotion are used after adjectives of physical description. e.g. She is a tall shy girl.

v You usually put comparative and superlative adjectives in front of other adjectives. e.g. This is the largest round table I’ve ever seen.

Degrees of Comparison

v We use comparatives to compare two things or two people. e.g. She is taller than her husband.

v We use superlatives to compare and to show the difference between more than two things or more than two people. e.g. Susan is the tallest in our group.

v Certain adjectives form their comparative and superlative in both ways, either by adding -er/-estto the positive form or takingmore/most. Some of them are: clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, narrow, pleasant, polite, quiet, simple, stupid etc.

e.g. simple – simpler – the simplest orsimple – more simple – the most simple

v Compound adjectives form their comparative and superlative in both ways, either by adding -er/-estto the positive form or takingmore/most.

e.g. well-known – better-known – the best-knownorwell-known – more well-known – the most well-known

v Adjectives ending in mute -e drop it and add -er/-est:

e.g. white – whiter – the whitest

v Adjectives ending in -y after a consonant drop -y and add -ier/-iest:

e.g. happy – happier – the happiest

v In one syllable adjectives final consonants are doubled after short vowels:

e.g. fat – fatter – the fattest

Irregular Forms

TO BE in the Past Simple Tense

TO HAVE in the Past Simple Tense

Read and translate the text.

My Family Album

Look at these photos. These are my parents, I hope you recognize them. They are neither young nor old. They are intheirprime and look great fortheirage. My father is above average height, one hundred and eighty seven centimetres. Although he is in his late forties (to be more exact he is 49), my father still has a good stout figure. He is well-built, broad-shouldered, he has a muscular body with strong arms and shapely legs. You already know that my father is crazy about sports and he plays tennis twice a week.

As for my father’s appearance I find himquite handsome. He has thick short jet-black hair which is just beginning to go grey. He always has a neat hair style and wearshishair back-combed (swept-back) or sometimes with a side parting. My father’s swarthy face is oval with clean-cut and regular features. He has a high, broad, a little bit lined forehead, hollow cheeks and a protruding cleft chin. I like his striking,a bitslanting blue eyesunder thick black eyelashes and thin eyebrows. He has a large straight nose and a wide mouth. When my father smiles dimples appear in his cheeks, and you can see his white even teeth behind his thin lips. All in all, he looks very kind and open. He is extremely sociable and has many friends.

My uncle Borys has a strong resemblance to my father. They have a lot of features in common. But Borys looks different now, because his hair is receding and he wears a beardanda moustache. Unfortunately I don’t have his late photos.

And this is my mother. People find her quite attractive and charming, but I think she is a real beauty! She is of medium height, slim and slender with a very graceful figure. Although she is in her mid-forties, she doesn’t look her age. She is taken for 38. I remember in my childhood my mother’s hair was long, abundant and jet-black. Now her wavy hair is bobbed, dyed in chestnut, always elaborately dressed with a right-side parting and a long fringe. This haircut makes her look elegant andsmart.

Moreover, my mother always wears a perfect make-up. I adore my mother’s delicate features.She has an oval face with fair complexion. Her forehead is very high, her cheeks are rosy, her chin is soft and round. When you talk to my mother, you just can’t help looking into her deep almond, wide-open blue eyes with very long, curving eyelashes and pencilled arched eyebrows. My mother has a small turned-up nose and a vivid mouth with full cherry lipsandeven pearly teeth. My mother looks sophisticated and a bit serious in this photo. But believe me, she is enchanting and absolutely irresistible when she smiles.

And these are my grandparents. They are in their early seventies, but they are still going strong. They say that they feel not a day older than fifty! My granny is a short stooping old lady, but quite active and energetic. She has a thin wrinkled face with alow narrow forehead, kind sunken eyes and pale hollow cheeks. Her lips are very thin, her nose is snub. Her hair is white now and she always wears it in a bun. My grandfather is a bit clumsy old man. He is overweight

now, because he likes my mother’s pies and can’t stop eating them. He has a big round face with chubby cheeks, a fleshy aquiline nose and a massive double chin. His forehead looks very high and broad, mainly because of his bald patch. You can’t see his mouth and lips, as he wears a white bushy moustache. I love his warm narrow eyes with deep laughter-lines around them. I think my grandparents are the most cordial people in the world!

And finally have a look at the photo of my nephew! He is a short plump boy who looks very funny when he plays football. He is the baby of the family, because he is only five. Tom has curly dark hair, a round freckled face, big blue eyes and ruddy dimpled cheeks. He has small ears, a turned-up nose and a soft mouth with tiny sparse milk teeth. My nephew is always cheerfulandrestless. I adore playing with him.

Say these in another way.

Which part of the face is odd?

Compare the following people.

Bob, 28 years old 55 kilos, 1.50 mt	Homer, 39 years old 80 kilos, 1.55 mt	Alice, 9 years old 33 kilos, 1.20 mt
1. Bob is _____ (young) than Homer. 2. Homer is _____ (old) than Alice. 3. Alice is _____ (slim) than Bob. 4. Bob is _____ (short) than Homer. 5. Homer is _____ (fat) than Bob. 6. Alice is _____ (short) than Homer. 7. Homer is _____ (ugly) than Alice. 8. Homer is _____ (slow) than Bob. 9. Bob is _____ (tidy) than Homer.	10. Alice is ____ (beautiful) than Bob. 11. Alice has ____ (long) hair than Bob. 12. Homer can play the guitar _____ (good) than Alice. 13. Alice can run _____ (fast) than Homer. 14. Alice draws _____ (bad) than Bob. 15. Bob is _____ (intelligent) than Homer. 16. Homer is a _____ (interesting) person than Bob.

Model: (Peter)

- Is Peter the oldest person in your family?

- No, he isn’t. He’s the youngest!

- How old is he?

- He’s my nephew. He’s only two years old.

Write the correct comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives.

Complete the text with the words from the box.

1. I don’t think I’m very ___________________, but I’m not bad-looking either. I probably ___________________ a bit younger than I am. That is probably because I am not very serious.

2. I’m in my _______________ fifties. I’m very tall, and quite _______________ built, but I have rather _________________ shoulders. I’m a little overweight and stout.

3. I have ___________________ medium length ___________________ hair, but I’m going ___________________, so there isn’t a lot of it left. I have a grey ___________________ and a moustache.

4. My eyes are ________________ and clever and I wear __________________. I’ve got a rather long face, with a ___________________ chin, a big nose and big ___________________.

5. I have ___________________ lips, thick hair and I have a __________________ forehead; I like to think that it looks intelligent. I don’t like low foreheads.

Answer the questions.

1. Do you like beards? Why? Why not?

2. What kind of hair do you have? What colour is it?

3. What kind of hairstyle do you have now? What hairstyles have you had?

4. What hairstyles can you suggest for your group-mates and friends?

5. What hairstyles are fashionable at the moment?

6. Do you like when women have long or short-cut hair?

7. Do you approve of people dyeing and bleaching their hair? Shaving their heads? Men wearing long hair? Explain.

8. Would you like to be different? If so, what would you like?

9. Do you think you have any special features?

10. Are there any facial features you would like to have?

Describe these people.

Translate into Ukrainian.

A clean shaven face, a freckled face, a wrinkled face, irregular features, pencilled eyebrows, curving thick eyelashes, a turned-up nose, an aquiline nose, hollow pale cheeks, full compressed painted lips, a protruding double chin, a soft vivid mouth, a hearty smile, medium height, a hairdo, a beard, a moustache, a mole, dimples, a scar, bald, a ponytail, a plait, curly golden hair, uneven teeth, a broad forehead, under-eye-bags, bulging eyes, a cross-eyed man, hazel eyes, a handsome man, arched eyebrows, a beautiful woman.

Give the English equivalents.

Коса, середнього зросту, зачесане назад волосся, дуже високий зріст, чорне як смола волосся, м’язистий, фарбоване волосся, кучерявий, бакенбарди, стрункий, коротко стрижене волосся, кремезний, масне волосся, хімічна завивка, гарна фігура, вуса, ніздрі, повіки, скроні, ясна, мочки вух, колір обличчя, рубець, прищик, цятки, ячмінець, бородавка, родимка, ластовиння, “мушка” для краси , зморшки, щелепа, лоб, засмаглий, високі вилиці, приплюснутий ніс, вирячені очі, мигдалевидні очі, запалі щоки, загнуті вії, брови дугою, звичайна зовнішність, привабливий, чарівна, подвійне підборіддя, лапаті вуха, орлиний ніс, рівні зуби, волосся довжиною до плечей.

Translate into English.

Петрик - маленький хлопчик. Йому чотири роки. Він маленького зросту і товстий. Він схожий на свого батька. Обличчя у Петі кругле і в ластовинні. У нього густе кучеряве каштанове волосся і маленький кирпатий ніс. Мені подобаються його великі сірі очі і білі зуби. У нього повні губи і пухкі рожеві щоки. Він має родимку біля лівого ока і ямочки на щоках. Я думаю, що він розумний хлопчик, бо в нього широке і високе чоло. Він веселий і жвавий хлопчик, але трохи запальний.

Work in pairs. Describe people (family, friends, classmates, teachers) you know to you partner. Include in your description:

• height and weight (build)
• eye and hair color
• hair style
• approximate age
• any distinguishing features
• additional information which helps to guess who is being described

Work in pairs. Select a prominent personality in our country or the world, without naming him or her to you partner. The person may be a TV or movie star, sports figure, politician etc. Describe the person until your partner can guess who is being described. You may tell what kind of job the person has, the style of clothes they usually wear (if known), and what they are well known for.

Example statements include: This person is very tall, but thin. This person has long black hair and ... This person is an entertainer and is well known for his role in the movie ...

Describe an ugly person.

Translate into English.

1. Моя мама дуже красива. Вона середнього зросту, трохи повненька. У неї засмагле обличчя з великими глибоко посадженими сірими очима, прямий ніс, повні губи і довге каштанове волосся, заплетене у косу. Коли мама посміхається, у неї з‘являються ямочки на щоках.

2. Моя наречена – дуже красива дівчина. У неї блакитні очі, довгі густі вії, червоні вуста, білі рівні зуби та овальне обличчя.

3. Мій брат схожий на батька. Він високий і стрункий. У нього кучеряве каштанове волосся і маленький кирпатий ніс. Він має родимку на підборідді і ямочки на щоках.

4. Ця дівчина хоче бути схожою на свою улюблену співачку зі світлим волоссям, блакитними очима та гарною фігурою.

5. Їй дуже подобається той хлопець з коротким темним волоссям, темними добрими очима та ямочкою на підборідді.

6. Моїй бабусі 55 років, але вона не має жодної сивої волосинки та зморшки на обличчі.

7. Моїй сестрі подобаються високі чоловіки з чорним волоссям та блакитними очима, може, навіть з довгими бакенбардами.

8. У нашій групі є хлопець з прямим довгим рудим волоссям, що заплетене у косу.

9. Моя двоюрідна сестра мала довге волосся з посіченими кінцями, тому вона зробила акуратну стрижку з чубком.

10. В нього добре широке обличчя, завжди чисто виголене, але трішки прищаве.

11. Ця дівчина дуже красива. В неї гарна фігура, чітко окреслені риси обличчя, а також вона завжди одягається зі смаком.

12. В моєї доньки кругле лице у ластовинні з пухленькими рожевими щічками, ясними блакитними очима, маленьким кирпатим носиком та виразним ротом.

13. Моя подруга має тітку, яка нижче середнього зросту, вона трішки товстенька. Вона носить зачіску “каскад”.

14. Мій троюрідний брат високий та худий, а його дружина крихітна та повненька.

15. Моя подруга має гарну фігуру, хоча вона і не висока.

16. Мої племінники – двійнята, схожі як 2 краплі води, але один із них має густе чорне волосся із проділoм збоку.

17. Марина худа і дуже мініатюрна. Вона кучерява, тому й носить волосся, заплетене в косу.

18. Мій батько – товстий, високий брюнет. А мати – струнка блондинка.

19. Моя подружка – перукар, вона вміє робити звичайну стрижку, укладку, хімічну завивку та стрижку “їжачок”.

20. У цього підлітка справді жахливе обличчя: прищі, ластовиння, бородавки, а на лобі величезний рубець.

21. Обличчя цієї бабці – в глибоких зморшках, вона має прямий ніс, стиснутий рот і дуже гостре підборіддя. Волосся вже не густе та чорне як смола, а сиве та рідке, тому вона завжди носить його у вузлі.

22. Майк не любить своє кучеряве волосся, тому підстригся під “їжачка”.

23. Зараз дуже модною є чоловіча стрижка “їжачок”, хоча інколи можна побачити чоловіка з довгими бакенбардами та волоссям до плечей.

24. Якщо у вас лупа, посічене або тонке волосся, вам треба користуватися цим шампунем.

25. Тендітна фігура, мініатюрний зріст, вузькі очі та пряме пригладжене волосся – це типові риси китаянки.

26. Похилого віку жінка з чорним, як смола хвилястим волоссям – це моя бабуся.

27. Вузькоплечий хлопець з обвітреною шкірою ледь помітно посміхається симпатичній високій стрункій дівчині з оманливою посмішкою.

28. Цей похилого віку лисий чоловік зі стурбованими очима здається трохи незграбним, хоча і високий та стрункий.

Introduction

Para 1: name, where from, place you live in, family

Main Body

Para 2: age, height, build, facial features

Para 3: what you like/don/t like/don’t mind

Conclusion

Para 4: ask him/her to write back and send you his/her picture

Best wishes,

(your first name)

MODULE TWO: PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION AND FAMILY LIFE

SECTION II: APPEARANCE

Grammar

· The Order of Adjectives

· The Degrees of Comparison

· To Be and to Have in the Past Simple Tense

Vocabulary list