Think of a suitable tag and pronounce it with the proper intonation. Explain your choice.

1) The weather is terrible, …?

2) You have never been to London, …?

3) Students mustn’t miss classes, …?

4) You don’t like him, …?

5) Having a telephone at home means a lot of advantages, …?

6) Today the post offices are wearing a deserted look, …?

7) In SMS abbreviations “PLS” stands for “please”, …?

8) And “HAND” stands for “have a nice day”, …?

9) There were many people present at the meeting, …?

10) We can practise out- door or indoor sports, in water or anywhere we want, …?

11) Lots of people take part in sports activities, …?

12) Human beings were built for sitting at a desk all day, …?

13) Badminton can be played only indoors, …?

EXERCISE 21

²Pair-work practice: listen to the dialogue and put intonation marks. Perform the dialogue. Point out the tag questions and explain the usage of the nuclear tones in the final and non-final sense-groups.

Dialogue

– You said you’d do the dishes, didn’t you?

– Only if you clear the table.

– C’mon, I made dinner, didn’t I?

– Yes, and it was delicious.

– All right, I’ll do the dishes.

– Thanks. And while we’re talking about chores,

the light in the basement burned out.

– I’ll replace the bulb in a minute.

– No, no, I already tried that.

– It still doesn’t work.

– Maybe there’s a short. Did you try the fuse box?

– Yes, and that didn’t help either.

– Then we should call an electrician, shouldn’t we?

– Do you have his number?

– It’s on the bulletin board.

– You’ll call him tomorrow, won’t you?

– Sure, if I remember.

II. 5. Rhetorical questions are semantically equivalent to statements, as they do not require any answer. Rhetorical questions are general and special ones in form and accept their intonation patterns.

²1) What’s the actress going to do at the Congress?

2) How can you even say that?

3) Where is your logic?

4) Isn’t it boring sometimes to follow these strict rules?

5) (Sometimes I think you don’t love me). Do you call that a happy family life?

EXERCISE 22

²Pair-work practice: listen to the recording, point out the types of questions and mark the nuclear tones in the final and non-final sense-groups. Read and answer the questions.

1) What’s your opinion of young people today?

2) What’s the most popular newspaper with young people?

3) What newspapers and magazines do you subscribe to?

4) Are you keen on painting?

5) Are you interested in the arts? Which in particular?

6) Do you care for the cinema?

7) Are you fond of classical music?

8) How often do you go out for the evening?

9) How much time do you spend watching TV?

10) Do you enjoy disco-dancing?

11) Do you jog in the morning?

12) What do you hate doing?

13) What are you going to do 5 years from now?

14) What are your priorities this year?

15) Who are your favourite contemporary writers?

III. IMPERATIVES

Imperatives include

III. 1. commands;

III. 2. requests;

III. 3. warnings and

III. 4. invitations.

III. 1. Commands

EXERCISE 23

²Listen to the recording and put correct nuclear tones. Analyze the speaker’s attitude. Transcribe and intone the sentences.

1) Be quiet!

2) Shh!

3) Shut up, stand up straight!

4) March! Left! Right! Left! Right! Left! Right!

EXERCISE 24

Practice pronouncing the following commands. Explain the usage of the nuclear tones:

1) Open the windows in all the _/ rooms!

2) Hurry _/ up!

3) Hurry ^up!

4) Do hurry ^\up!

5) Give me your _\hand!

6) Give me your _/ hand!

7) Time ^out!

8) Go to your _\room!

9) Stay _/ there!

10) Go to your ^\room!

11) Don’t open your _\books. I’m serious. (I mean it!)

EXERCISE 25

Make up your own commands and pronounce them according to the rule.

III. 2. Requests

A request can be formed by means of adding the word “please” to a command. Remember: the imperative with “please” is not considered polite enough and may sound rude in particular situations.

When initial, “please” forms a separate sense-group pronounced with a Low Fall thus making a request more emphatic. When final, “please” either makes an unstressed tail continuing the melody of a falling or a rising nuclear tone or forms a part of a Fall+Rise tone (either low or high).

The tag of the requests that have the form like “Open the window, will you?” is pronounced with a Low Rise while the non-final intonation group is pronounced with a Low Fall.

Remember: the most important thing about asking favours of people is how you ask and what intonation you use, rather than the actual words you use. When it seems likely that the other person will refuse, the question can be phrased so that refusal doesn’t cause embarrassment. So, when making a polite request, preference should be given to so-called pseudo-interrogative forms with the modal verbs such as “could you…”, “would you…”, “might I” “Would / Do you mind … and the word “possibly”.

EXERCISE 26

²Listen to the recording and put correct nuclear tones. Analyze the speaker’s attitude. Transcribe and intone the sentences.

1) Could you spell your name, please?

2) Could you fill in this form, please?

3) Can I have breakfast to my room?

4) Would you, please, count your pieces of luggage?

5) Please, accept this on our behalf.

6) Could you be quiet, please?

7) Sorry, have you got the time, please?

8) Do you mind if I borrow your dictionary?

9) Could I speak to Bruno Zola, please?

10) Please, allow me to finish.

11) Sorry, could you speak slowly, please?

12) Please, back up your car in the corner over there.

13) Can we have the bill, please?

14) Help yourself, please.

15) Will you pass me the tea-pot, please?

16) Would you show me your resume, please?

EXERCISE 27

² Put the words in the correct order and restore the jumbled sentences. Listen to the sentences and pronounce them

1) use your could phone I?

2) I might your possibly phone use?

3) if to you, your but do sorry you trouble mind I use phone?

4) used if phone you mind I would your?

5) I can your phone use?

6) I I could if your use wonder phone.

7) you could up speak, please?

EXERCISE 28

²Listen to the dialogues, mark the tones. Read the dialogues in pairs. Act them out.

Dialogue A

–Hello, may I speak to Mr. Anderson, please?

– Just a minute. What’s your name, please? Hold the line, please.

– Hello, Anderson speaking.

Dialogue B

H. Hallo.

Voice: Could I speak to Mrs Gray?

H. You’ve got the wrong number.

Voice: Could I speak to Steve McQueen, please?

H. Sorry, Mr McQueen is out. Can I take a message?

Voice: No, thank you. Can you tell me when Mr McQueen will be back?

H. He said he’d be back in an hour or so.

Dialogue C

ANNA: Hello?

MARTIN: Hi, is Ewa there?

ANNA: May I ask who’s calling?

MARTIN: This is Martin.

ANNA: Hold on, I’ll get her.

MARTIN: Thanks.

EWA: Hello?

MARTIN: Hi, Ewa, this is Martin. How are you?

EWA: Hi, how are you?

MARTIN: Fine. I was wondering if you’d like to go out to dinner tonight?

EWA: That would be nice! Where should we go?

MARTIN: I thought we could try that new Italian place on the corner.

EWA: Good idea. What time should we meet?

MARTIN: Why don’t I come pick you up at around seven?

EWA: I’ll be ready!

Dialogue D

– Sundance Enterprises, good morning.

– Good morning. May I speak to Andrew Tirelli, please?

– I’m sorry, Mr.Tirelli is in a meeting at the moment. Can he call you back?

– Sure thing.

– Can I have your name and number, please?

– Yes, this is Peter Shapiro from De Mario. I’m at 873-7059.

– I’ll have him call you right back.

– Thanks.

(a little later)

– Mr. Shapiro, please.

– I’m sorry, Mr. Shapiro just stepped away from his desk. May I take a message?

– Would you ask him to call Mr. Tirelli from Sundance?

– May I ask what this is in reference to?

– I’m just returning his call.

– OK. I’ll give him the message.

– Thanks, good-bye.

III. 3. Warnings

EXERCISE 29