Practise pronouncing warning using different tones and attitudes.

EXERCISE 30

²Listen to the recording and practise pronouncing invitation using different tones and attitudes.

1) - I invite you to my lecture on Thursday evening at the Polytechnic Museum. - With pleasure.

2)What about roast chicken?

3)How about cabbage and potatoes?

4)Why don’t we try a new Italian restaurant?

5)Let’s have a look around.

6)Why not come and see me?

7) Some more tea?

8) Welcome to Moscow!

9) Help yourself, please.

10) Let’shave lunch sometime.

11) Let’s get off work early.

IV. EXCLAMATIONS

Exclamations are divided into exclamations proper (IV.1) and exclamation-like sentences (IV.2).

IV.1. Exclamations proper

EXERCISE 31

²Listen to the recording and practise pronouncing exclamations using different tones and attitudes.

1) Mmm, sounds delicious!

2) Fantastic!

3) Fresh roses! What a sweet smell!

4) What luck! We are neighbours!

5) Unbelievable!

6) Congratulations!

7) You’ve done it!

8) What a cosy place!

EXERCISE 32

Practise the pronunciation of exclamatory sentences with a HIGH and LOW FALL.

1) What a nice country cottage!

2) Such a wonderful game!

3) So well done!

4) How beautiful it is!

5) Absolutely right!

EXERCISE 33

Match the sentences and exclamations.

This theatre is very beautiful!

I can’t believe you live just next door!

Andrea feels sick today.

My watch broke.

What a nuisance!

What a beautiful theatre!

What a coincidence!

What a shame!

EXERCISE 34

Pair-work practice: perform the dialogues.

1) A: How nice of you to have come today!

B: How nice of you to have invited me!

A: Meet my family. This is Mum and Dad.

B: Nice to meet you.

A: Nice to meet you too.

B: Let’s go and get acquainted with the others.

B: Okay.

²2) - Oh, it’s his day today!

- Many happy returns of the day!

- We wish you health!

- And every success!

- Best wishes!

- Happy birthday to you!

- That’s very kind of you. Thank you very much.

- Here’s to everybody!

- Cheers!

- To you!

- To our friendship!

3) A: I’m leaving. Don’t forget to do the shopping!

B: Right.

A: And clean your room!

B: Of course.

A: Be on time for your evening classes!

B: I will.

A: And don’t stay too long!

B: That’s too much.

IV.2. Exclamation-like sentences include:

IV.2.1. greetings;

IV.2.2. leave-takings;

IV.2.1. Greetings

EXERCISE 35

Pair-work practice: perform the dialogues.

1) A: Good morning!

B: Good morning! Glad to see you.

A: How are you?

B: I’m quite well. Thanks. A bit tired after the flight. And how are things with you?

A: Fine, as usual, thank you.

2) A: Hi! How are doing? I haven’t seen you for a long time.

B: Not bad. It’s always a pleasure to see you.

3) A: Pleased to meet you all. This is my card. Here’s my address and telephone number, just in case.

B: That’s very kind of you.

4) A: I haven’t seen you for ages. How are you doing?

B: Fine, thanks. How are things with you?

A: Fine, thank you. I am so happy to see you again.

B: The pleasure is mine too.

IV.2.2. Leave-takings

It’s quite normal when you’re visiting your British friends and having a meal with them you say some time before you leave that you’re going to do so: “I should really be going now” or “I really ought to be making a move” etc and then some time later when you really are going “I really must/have to go now”. The second time you say you’re going, you go. It’s also usual to say why you’re leaving. The most helpful expressions here may be:

Well, I think I’d better _\go .now. I have an appointment/a date/an engagement/a class in a few minutes.

“Oh, look at the time. I must rush! See you later”.

“I think I have to leave now”.

“Would you excuse me? I’m in a bit of a hurry”.

“I must be off, I’m afraid”.

If you visited somebody you didn’t know very well, you would normally leave - unless they specifically asked you to stay for some reason - about 10.30 or rather 10 in the evening at the latest.

When the British leave, sometimes they like to say something to show their hosts that they want to see them again. The most common phrases for this are:

“See you later”.

EXERCISE 36

² Pronounce leave-takings in formal and informal way.

Simple good-byes (formal)

Bye-bye. Good-bye.

Stay in touch.

It was nice meeting you.

I hope to see you soon.

Simple good-byes (informal)

Bye. See you!

Talk to you later.

Catch up with you later.

Nice seeing you.

Leaving a place (formal)

I have to leave here by noon.

Is it okay if we leave your home at 9pm?

What do you say we leave work a little earlier today?

Would you mind if I leave the dinner before it ends?

I need to depart for the airport in one hour.

Leaving a place (informal)

I got to go now.

I’ll be leaving from the office in 20 minutes.

How about we jet off to the shops now?

I’m afraid I have to head off now.

Let’s get off work early.

Take care! See you soon!

See you later!

Hope to hear from you in a day or two. Good bye!

EXERCISE 37

²Listen to the dialogue and put it down by ear. Mark the tones. Read the dialogue in pairs. Act it out. Think of your own mini-dialogues making use of leave takings.

– Okay. Thanks! It was very nice to meet you.

– It was nice meeting you too. And thanks for coming in today.

IV.2.3. Gratitudes

Note:In Britain you will hear two other often even shorter words, which are used in the same way: ^\Ta[ta:](often used by children and in combinations like ^\Ta, _/love by shopkeepers and so on) and _/Kyou[kju:] (mostly used by people who have to say “Thank you” time and time again every day in their jobs, e.g. bus conductors, ticket collectors and so on).

EXERCISE 38