V. Предложения переведите, обращая внимание на герундий

1. They continued testing until the sample was destroyed.

2. Various methods of cooling transformers are used in practice.

3. I know of her having studied English some time ago.

4. His main occupation was studying properties of some conductors.

5. Connecting the motors constantly in parallel has some advantages.

6. The engineer insists on those devices being a new step in the development of technique.

7. This phenomenon results in decreasing voltage.

8. The constructor informed us of establishing a new record of nonstop flight.

9. His having answered so well surprised everybody.

10. I remember having made that experiment last week.

11. On receiving successful results he carried out various experiments of this kind.

12. Carrying out this test successfully was helped by the careful investigations of outstanding scientists.

13. On being heated to a high temperature any body becomes a source of light.

14. We know of copper having been used as a conductor owing its characteristics.

15. He preferred playing basketball.

16. We know of aluminium being used in many industries.

17. Sechenov’s having published his "Notes on Man’s Motions at Work" in 1901 opened up a new branch of science.

18.There were other ways of applying high voltages.

19.The possibility of chemical energy being transformed into electric energy is evident.

20.They began observing the process of welding.

21. I know of my friend's reading English books on space flights.

22. Mary Curie's having discovered radium enabled her to isolate other radioactive elements.

23. Plants are useful sources of energy thanks to their storing the sun's radiation in chemical form.

24. Without knowing chemistry it is difficult to make clear distinctions between chemical and physical properties.

25. In spite of everybody's being tired it was decided to finish the work.

26. There is a hope of our getting a complete analysis of the measurements during 10 days.

THE INFINITIVE

(ИНФИНИТИВ)

Инфинитив (неопределенная форма, глагола.) - это неличная форма глагола, которая выражает действие безотносительно к лицу и числу.

Формальный признак инфинитива - частица "to" (to ask, to write).

Информация I

Формы инфинитива.

I want to help you. - Я хочу помочь вам.

I want to be helped. - Я хочу, чтобы мне помогли.

The professor is glad to see his former students. - Профессор рад видеть своих прежних студентов.

The professor is glad to have seen his former students. - Профес­сор рад, что повидал своих прежних студентов.

Не is proud to be working with this famous scientist. - Он гор­дится тем, что работает с этим известным ученым.

Не is proud to have been working with this famous scientist for many years. - Он гордится тем, что проработал с этим известным ученым много лет.

I. Назовите предложения, содержащие Infinitive Indefinite Passive. Укажите его признаки

1. Hе asked the student to define the unit of resistance more accurately.

2. She got a list of the books to be read.

3. The assistant came to be instructed by the professor.

4. To launch rockets a new type of fuel was needed.

5. The student wanted to be examined as soon as possible.

6. I am sorry to be asking you.

7. Experiments have shown that the amount of work to be used for producing a given amount of heat is the same under all con­ditions.

II. Укажите Infinitive Perfect Active и назовите признаки, помогающие его определить

1. They were happy to have been sent to the international con­ference.

2. I remember to have solved this problem last week.

3. The engineers are glad to have obtained such good results.

4. We supposed the plan to have been explained to you long ago.

5. We are happy to have taken part in this work.

III. Отразите в переводе значение, передаваемое формой инфинитива

1. Не remembers to have helped them.

2. I am glad to have helped him.

3. I remember to have attended this course of lectures.

4. I remember to have been visited by this man.

5. The letter may have been sent to a wrong address.

6. He was glad to have been present at the conference.

IV. Определите форму инфинитива по нормальным признакам. Предложения переведите

1. I am glad to meet you here every morning.

2. I am glad to have met you at last.

3. I am glad to be met by my friend.

4. I am glad to have been met by my friend at the station.

5. I am glad to be meeting you.

Информация II

Функции инфинитива

Инфинитив может выполнять в предложении те же функции, что и существительное, т.е. он может быть:

1. подлежащим

2. обстоятельством цели

3. именной частью составного сказуемого

4. определением

5. прямым дополнением

6. частью глагольного составного сказуемого

1. Подлежащее (стоит в начале предложения перед сказуемым).

То make such an experiment is not difficult at all. - Выполнить (выполнение) такой эксперимент совсем не трудно.

2. Обстоятельство цели (стоит в начале предложения перед подле­жащим, в середине и в конце предложения).

То make this experiment he applied a new method. – Для выполнения (для того, чтобы выполнить) этого эксперимента он применил новый метод.

3. Именная часть составного сказуемого (стоит после глагола-связки to be. Подлежащим предложения являются слова aim, duty, task, purpose, method, plan и др.)

Your task is to become a good engineer. - Ваша задача зaключается в том (состоит в том), чтобы стать хорошим инженером.

3. Определение (обычно стоит за определяемым существительным).

1) Substances to resist the flow of current аre called insulators.

Вещества, которые оказывают сопротивление току, называются изо-

ляторами.

2) после слов "the first, the second, ... , the last "обычно переводится личной формой глагола в том времени, в котором стоят глагол "to be".

Не was the f irst to come in. - Он вошёл первым.

3) Indefinite Infinitive Passive - в функции определения пе­реводится определительным придаточным предложением, причем его сказуемое имеет модальное значение долженствования или возможности, или же относится к будущему времени.

The problem to be solved is of great importance for this branch of science. - Задача, которая должна быть (будет) решена, имеет большое значение для этой отрасли науки.